Agree
sb agree with sb 同意某人的話,意見(jiàn)
sth agree with sb 某物,某事適應(yīng)某人
agree to sb 建議
agree on / upon sth 在某一點(diǎn)上取得一致意見(jiàn)
agree to do sth 同意干某事
All
all by oneself 獨(dú)立,單獨(dú)
above all 首先,特別是,最重要的是
after all 到底,畢竟
first of all 首先
in all 總共
most of all 最重要的是
all at once 突然,同時(shí),馬上
all of a sudden 突然地;出乎意料地
all right 好吧,行,不錯(cuò)
all sorts of 各種各樣的
all kinds of 各種各樣的
all the best 萬(wàn)事如意
all the more 更加
all the same 盡管如此,仍舊(照樣)
all the year round 一年到頭
AS
as…as… 與……一樣
as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上
as a rule 通常
as a result 作為結(jié)果,因此
as a whole 總的來(lái)說(shuō)
as if(as though) 好像
as follows 如下
as for 就……而言
as(so) long as 只要
as soon as 一……就
as soon as possible 盡快
as usual 像往常一樣
as well 也,還
as well as 同……一樣
might (may) as well 不妨
so as to 以便
At
at a time 一次,每次
at breakfast 早餐時(shí),正在吃早飯
at first 最初
at home 在家在國(guó)內(nèi)
at last 最后,終于
at least 至少
at (the) most 至多,不超過(guò)
at one time 以前,曾經(jīng)
at once 立刻,馬上
at night 在夜里,在晚上
at midnight 在半夜
at present 目前,現(xiàn)在
at times 有時(shí)候
at sea 在大海上,在航行
at one's own expense 自費(fèi)
at the bottom 在底端
at the end (of) 最后,盡頭
at the latest 最遲
at the mercy of 在……的支配下
at the head of 在……的前頭
at the moment 此刻
at the same time 同時(shí)
at work 在工作
laugh at 嘲笑
throw at 向……扔去
work hard at 努力工作(學(xué)習(xí))
By
by accident 偶然地
by air (sea, bus…) 乘飛機(jī)(乘船,乘公共汽車(chē)……)
by chance 碰巧,偶然地
by day (night) 在白天(夜晚)
day by day 一天天地
by and by 不久遲早
by far ...得多;最..;顯然
learn (know)by heart 記熟,背誦
by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地,由于疏忽所致
by oneself 獨(dú)自地
one by one 一個(gè)一個(gè)地
by the way 順便說(shuō)(問(wèn))
by turns 輪流
side by side 肩并肩地
by the side of 在……附近
Break
break away from 擺脫(束縛), 從…脫離戒掉
break down (機(jī)器、車(chē)輛等)壞了,(身體)垮了,(會(huì)談)破裂
break forth 迸發(fā),突然(多用于發(fā)出歡呼,憤怒等)
break in 非法闖入,插嘴,打岔,
break into 破門(mén)而入,打斷,占用= burst into
break in和break into 都有“強(qiáng)行闖入”的意思,
(如接賓語(yǔ)用break into,否則用break in)
break off 突然停止講話,中斷,打斷,折斷,解除(婚約)
break out(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)、疾?。┍l(fā),突然發(fā)生
break through 突破,打破
break up 打碎,分解,結(jié)束,解散,(情感)崩潰,停課
Bring
bring about 引起,導(dǎo)致= result in;lead to;cause
bring down 使倒下,使下降,擊落,推翻
bring forth 引起,使產(chǎn)生
bring in 收(莊稼),提出,(使)得到(收入),引入,增加,把……扯起來(lái)
bring on 使發(fā)生,引起
bring out 出版,說(shuō)明;闡明,使…顯露 / 出現(xiàn)
bring back 帶回來(lái),使…想起,使回憶起 = call up;remind sb of
bring off 使實(shí)現(xiàn),做成
bring up sb 撫養(yǎng)某人
bring up sth 提出
bring up 嘔吐
bring to an end 結(jié)束=come to an end
Call
call on sb 拜訪,號(hào)召
call at(a place) 訪問(wèn)(某人的家);(火車(chē)、船)停靠
call for 需要
And there's a phone call for you, Mr. Bennett.
Bennett先生有你的電話。
call for sb 去接某人一起去做某事
call off 取消(計(jì)劃,比賽)
call out (call out+to sb)大聲地叫
call up sb 給……打電話,征召(入伍),叫……起床,使想起(往事)
call in 請(qǐng)進(jìn)來(lái)
Carry
carry out 實(shí)行、執(zhí)行
carry on 繼續(xù),進(jìn)行,開(kāi)展
carry away 拿走,入迷,被..……吸引
carry forward 推進(jìn),發(fā)揚(yáng)(精神)
carry off 贏得,獲得,成功的對(duì)付,不費(fèi)勁的處理(大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為難以應(yīng)付的事)
carry through 順利實(shí)現(xiàn),完成計(jì)劃
carry sb through 幫助……渡過(guò)難關(guān)
carry through(on / with sth)履行(承諾)
He has proved he can carry through on his promises
Catch
catch up on sth 補(bǔ)做(未做的事) ;趕做
catch on 抓牢,理解,流行
catch at 想抓住,渴望得到
be caught in the rain 被雨淋
catch up with 趕上,達(dá)到(某水平),追上(某人)
Clear
clear up (天氣)轉(zhuǎn)晴,痊愈 ,整理收拾
clear away 清除掉,去掉,消散
clear off 擺脫, 把……空出,散開(kāi)
Come
come about 發(fā)生,造成
come across (偶然地)遇見(jiàn),找到,想到,越過(guò)
come along 跟…..一道去,趕快,進(jìn)行,進(jìn)展
come down 下降,下落,傳下來(lái)
come into power (office) 執(zhí)政,就職
come into use投入使用
come into effect 開(kāi)始生效
come out 出來(lái),出版,發(fā)行
come into being 形成,產(chǎn)生,建立
come to 來(lái)到(某地),共計(jì),來(lái)參加(活動(dòng)),談到,恢復(fù)知覺(jué)
come to a conclusion 得出結(jié)論
come to an end 結(jié)束
come to nothing (no good) 沒(méi)有結(jié)果(沒(méi)有好處)
come up 走近;靠近,出現(xiàn),(從土里)長(zhǎng)出;發(fā)芽,被提及come up with 提出(建議、方法);相出
come to life 蘇醒
come on 過(guò)來(lái),得了吧,[表示鼓勵(lì)、催促等]快,走吧;開(kāi)始,發(fā)生;進(jìn)步,進(jìn)展
Cut
cut sth in half 把……砍成兩半
cut away 砍掉,剪掉,削去,切除
cut through 走近路,穿過(guò)
cut down 砍倒,縮減,壓縮(開(kāi)支)
cut off 切斷(電力、煤氣、自來(lái)水),中止(電話,思維),隔絕,切掉
cut out 切除,刪除
cut up 切碎,使傷心
cut in 插嘴,超車(chē)
Do
do a good deed 干得好,搞好工作
do away with 消滅,清除,取消,破除
do good 有好處,有用處,做好事
do harm to有害處,不利
do one a favour 幫個(gè)忙
do one good 對(duì)某人有好處
do one's best 盡力,竭力
do the deed 付諸行動(dòng),生效
do one's duty 履行職責(zé)
do up 收拾,整理,修理,打扮,包,捆,系
do with 處理,需要,想,將就用
do wonders 創(chuàng)造奇跡
do wrong (right) 做錯(cuò)(對(duì))
have sth (nothing) to do with 和……有(無(wú))關(guān)
Die
die from (因受傷、事故、嚴(yán)寒等身體外部原因)而死亡
die of(因情感、饑寒、生病、年老等內(nèi)部原因)而死亡
die off 相繼死去
die away 聲音變?nèi)?漸漸模糊,逐漸消失
die down 慢慢地熄滅(風(fēng),火),逐漸暗淡
die out 熄滅,變?nèi)?,消失?動(dòng)物) 滅絕
be dying for sth=long for 渴望擁有
be dying to do 渴望去做
For
for a while 暫時(shí),一時(shí)
for ever 永遠(yuǎn)
for free 免費(fèi)
for the moment 暫時(shí)
be famous for 因……而著名
have a gift for 對(duì)……有天賦
make a plan for 為……作計(jì)劃
stand for 代表,象征
in (one's) search for 尋找(求)
as for 關(guān)于,至于,就……方面說(shuō)
care for 喜歡,想要,照料
change… for 用……換
fix a date for 約定……的日期
Give(v.)
give a talk 作報(bào)告,作演講
give birth to 生,產(chǎn)生
give in to sb / sth 讓步,屈服,妥協(xié),投降,交上來(lái)
give off 散發(fā)出 (光、熱、氣溫)
give one's life 獻(xiàn)出自己的生命
give sb a hand 幫某人忙
give one's regards(greetings) to 向……問(wèn)好
give out 散發(fā),分發(fā),耗盡
give up 放棄,獻(xiàn)出,交出,投降,認(rèn)輸,泄氣
give back 歸還
give away 泄露,捐贈(zèng)
Get
get about 到處走,消息的傳開(kāi)
get across 穿過(guò),使….理解,領(lǐng)會(huì)
get away with 僥幸做成,逃脫懲罰
get accustomed to doing 習(xí)慣于
get down to(doing)sth 開(kāi)始認(rèn)真干某事
get / lay/ put your hands on sth 得到、獲得某物
get along with sth 進(jìn)展得
get along with sb 相處
get in 進(jìn)去,進(jìn)站,收獲,上車(chē)
get off 離開(kāi),下車(chē) ,脫下
get on 上車(chē)
get on with 與某人相處
get rid of 除去、擺脫
get out 離開(kāi)、出去
get over 克服(困難),從病中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái),不接from
get around =spread 傳開(kāi)
get through 完成,通過(guò)(考試),用完,從人群中通過(guò),接通電話
get to 到達(dá),抓住問(wèn)題的要害,本質(zhì)
get together 聚會(huì),聯(lián)歡
get in a word 策劃 ,插話
get into trouble 陷入
Go
go after 追趕,追求
go ahead 進(jìn)行,進(jìn)展,干吧,說(shuō)吧,先走
go into 從事于,調(diào)查
go beyond 超出
go in for 愛(ài)好,從事
go up 上升,建起,(物價(jià))上漲
go by =pass 經(jīng)過(guò),過(guò)去
go down 下降
go into 進(jìn)入
go off 消失,腐敗,壞的
go out (火)熄滅,過(guò)時(shí)了,罷工
go over 復(fù)習(xí),檢查
go through 經(jīng)歷(苦難)通過(guò)(考試),花掉,仔細(xì)查看
go up 提高,上漲(價(jià)格)
go around 分配,傳播,傳開(kāi)
go all out to do sth 全力以赴去做某事
go back to 追溯到……
go with 伴隨,與……相協(xié)調(diào)
go well with 協(xié)調(diào)
go too far 太過(guò)分了,走太遠(yuǎn)了
Hold
hold up 阻礙,支持,支撐
hold back 阻止,隱瞞
hold off 延誤,保持距離,使"疏遠(yuǎn)"
hold on 堅(jiān)持下去,等一等(別掛電話)
hold out 堅(jiān)持,維持,給予
hold to 堅(jiān)持
hold one's breath 屏住呼吸
In
in a flash 一剎那間
in a word 總之,簡(jiǎn)言之
in a hurry 匆忙地,很快地
in fact 事實(shí)上
in a sense 從某種意義上說(shuō)
in a short while 不久,一會(huì)而后
in all 總共,總的來(lái)說(shuō)
in any case 不管怎樣
in battle 在戰(zhàn)斗中
in case 如果,以防(有某種情況)
in chains 上著鐐銬,在囚禁中
in charge of 主管,負(fù)責(zé)
in common 共同,共用
in danger 在危險(xiǎn)中
in debt 負(fù)債,欠帳
in front 前方,正面對(duì)
in front of 在……前面
in full 全文地,全部地
in general 一般地說(shuō)
in honour of 為了紀(jì)念……,為向……表示敬意
in modern time 現(xiàn)代,近代
in one's opinion 據(jù)(某人的)看法
in order to (that) 為了
in other words 換句話說(shuō)
in peace 平靜地,安寧地
in public 在公眾面前,公開(kāi)地
in search of 尋找
in (one's) search for 尋找,尋求
in return 作為報(bào)答
in silence 沉默地,無(wú)聲地
in short(=in a word ) 總之
in space 在宇宙空間
in spite of 盡管
in that 因?yàn)?,原因?/p>
in that case 假如那樣的話
in the air 在空中
in the charge 有……掌管
in the course of 在……過(guò)程中
in the day 在白天
in the day time 在白天
in the future 將來(lái),以后
in the end 最后
in the meantime 與此同時(shí)
in the middle (of) 在……中間
in time 及時(shí)地
in turn 輪流
believe in 相信,信任
bring in 引進(jìn),引來(lái),吸收
call in 召來(lái),召集
hand in 上交,遞交
hand in hand 并進(jìn),聯(lián)合,手牽手
drop in 順便走訪
join in 參加,加入
once in a while 偶爾,間或
play a part in 在……起作用
stand in line 站在隊(duì)里
succeed in (干……)成功
take part in參加
Keep
keep a promise 遵守諾言
keep a secret 守秘密
keep an eye on 留神照看
keep watch 注意,警惕,提防
keep back 扣下,隱瞞,忍?。ㄑ蹨I)
keep body and soul together 維持生活
keep in mind 記住,想著
keep off 避開(kāi),不踩
keep one's balance 保持平衡
keep on doing 不停的干某事(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的反復(fù)性,可能有停頓)
keep doing sth 不停的干某事(調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性)
keep out 遮擋,使不入內(nèi)
keep silence 保持沉默(安靜)
keep away from 遠(yuǎn)離,不靠近
keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
keep up 保持,維持,繼續(xù)(某活動(dòng))
keep up with 不落在后面,跟上
Knock
knock into sb 撞到某人身上;偶然遇到
knock sth down 降低價(jià)格,拆除,縮減開(kāi)支
knock sb down 把某人撞倒
knock sb up 敲門(mén)把某人叫醒,使某人疲倦
knock at 敲(門(mén))
Know
know about 了解,知道情況
know of 聽(tīng)說(shuō),知道為什么
be know for sth 以...出名
as known to all 眾所周知
to the best of my knowledge 據(jù)我所知
Lay
lay aside 放在……一邊,積蓄
lay down 放下,制定計(jì)劃
lay emphasis on sth 強(qiáng)調(diào)
lay down one's life for 為……獻(xiàn)出生命
lay out 布置;設(shè)計(jì),安排;籌劃
lay off 解雇
Leave
leave alone 不要管(某人),不要碰(某物) ,讓…靜一靜
leave behind 遺留,把什么撇在后面
leave off (使)停止;中斷
leave out 刪掉,漏掉 ,省去,不考慮
leave over 剩下的,暫時(shí)不去解決的
Let
let alone 不要管,不碰,更不用說(shuō)
let down 放下(窗簾),失望
let off 燃放鞭炮,放掉蒸汽,放過(guò)某人
let out 放掉氣,發(fā)出響聲,泄露
let in 允許進(jìn)入,容許,許可
Look
look ahead 向前看,為未來(lái)打算
look after 照料
look at 看
look back 回顧
look in 順便來(lái)訪=drop in
look into sth 調(diào)查,了解某事,瀏覽(書(shū)報(bào))
look on as= regard as把...看作...
look out 小心,當(dāng)心,向外看
look around 到處看
look over 審閱,翻閱
look through 瀏覽,仔細(xì)地檢查
look up (從詞典中)找出,天氣轉(zhuǎn)變,仰視
look up to sb 尊敬某人
look down on sb 輕視某人
look down upon sb 輕視某人
look forward to doing 期待
Make
make clear 說(shuō)明,弄(講)清楚
make a decision 作出決定
make a promise 答應(yīng),允諾
make a plan for 為……作計(jì)劃
make a record 錄制唱片
make friends (with)(和…)交朋友
make faces 做鬼臉
make fun of 和 開(kāi)玩笑
make a noise 吵鬧
make it a rule 總是……
make one's way to(out of)向……走去(從……走出)
make up for 補(bǔ)償
be made of 由……制成(看得出原料)
be made from 由……制成(看不出原料)
be made up of 由……組成
make the best of 充分利用
make up one's mind 決定,下決心
make tea 泡茶
make coffee 沖咖啡
make off 逃跑,匆匆離開(kāi)
make use of 利用
make sense 講得通,很有意義
make sure 確保,核實(shí),弄清楚
be made in 在……地方制造
Pass
pass away 消磨(時(shí)間) ,(委婉語(yǔ))去世
pass by 從某人身邊經(jīng)過(guò),過(guò)去
pass off 消失,順利地進(jìn)行;完成
pass for 冒充,假扮
pass on 傳下去
pass through 經(jīng)歷
the pass of time / the years (時(shí)間、歲月的)流逝
Pick
pick out 挑選,認(rèn)出(某人),領(lǐng)會(huì) ,看清楚
pick up 撿起來(lái),接收信號(hào),用車(chē)接某人,恢復(fù)健康 pick sb up=pick up sb
Pull
pull sth down 拆除,推掉
pull sb down 使掃興,貶低某人
pull off 脫衣帽 , (成功地)實(shí)現(xiàn)……,
pull off a plan 實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)劃
pull out 度過(guò)難關(guān),恢復(fù)健康
pull throw 使從病中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)
pull up 車(chē)子停下,拔起(樹(shù)、草)
pull on 穿,戴
pull in 火車(chē)進(jìn)站,靠岸
Put
put away 儲(chǔ)存,存錢(qián),收起來(lái),把…放在原位
put aside 把放在……留出(時(shí)間),備用
put back 放在原處,推遲,延期
put down 鎮(zhèn)壓,寫(xiě)下來(lái),記下
put forward 提出(建議),提前,把……向前撥
put in 提交,申請(qǐng)(+for) ,加進(jìn)
put off 推遲,延期
put on 穿上,上演
put through 接通電話
put out 撲滅,關(guān)燈,生產(chǎn),出版 ,伸出
put up 張貼,留某人過(guò)夜,建造 ,舉起
put up with 忍受,容忍
put into production 把……投入生產(chǎn)
put into use 投入使用
put one's heart into 全心全意投入
put on weight 增加體重
Run
run across 穿過(guò)(軌道),偶然遇到
run after 追趕,追求
run away 逃走,失去控制
run into sb 撞到某人
run for 競(jìng)選
run out of 用完
run over 匆匆瀏覽
run through 穿過(guò),匆匆看一下,做完
run a risk of =at the risk of 冒……險(xiǎn)
run short of 缺乏
Send
send away 攆走,開(kāi)除,解雇
send for 派某人去請(qǐng),去叫某人
send off 發(fā)出,寄出
send sb off =see sb off 為某人送行
send out 發(fā)出,發(fā)射,派遣
send in 交上去,遞送
send on 轉(zhuǎn)交
send up 使……上升
Set
set about(doing)sth 著手做某事
set out(to do sth)出發(fā),開(kāi)始做某事,陳述
set apart 使分離;使顯得突出;留出,撥出(時(shí)間、金錢(qián)等)
set force 闡述
set aside 把……放在一邊,省出、留出(錢(qián),時(shí)間),暫不考慮
set down 放下,寫(xiě)下
set off 出發(fā),使爆炸,引起,激起
set up 建立,設(shè)置,安排,策劃
set fire to 放火燒
set an example for 為某人樹(shù)立榜樣
Take
take away 拿走,離開(kāi)
take apart 拆開(kāi),拆卸
take back 拿回來(lái) ,使回憶起
take back one's words 收回(剛講的話)
take A for B 把A誤認(rèn)為是B
take in sth 接收,接納,領(lǐng)會(huì),理解
take in sb 欺騙
take off 起飛,取消 ,脫掉,(迅速)成功
take on 呈現(xiàn)(面貌),承擔(dān)
take on sb 雇用
take over 接管,接任
take up 占據(jù)(時(shí)間,地方),從事于 ,拿起,對(duì)……感興趣,繼續(xù)
take pride in =be proud of 引以為豪
take turn 輪流
take in turn 依次
take a chance 碰運(yùn)氣
take a lead 帶頭
take effect 生效
take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)
take one's leave 告辭
take (an active) part in(積極)參加
take one's place 坐某人的座位,代替某人的職務(wù)
take place 發(fā)生,舉行
take possession of 占有,擁有
Turn
turn back 翻回到+to
turn around / round 轉(zhuǎn)身
turn down 拒絕,音量調(diào)低
turn in 上交 ,呈交
turn off 關(guān)掉,轉(zhuǎn)彎
turn on 打開(kāi)
turn up 出現(xiàn),到場(chǎng),調(diào)高(音量,光亮,熱度)
turn oneself in 自首
turn into 把……變成……;把……翻譯成……
turn over 翻轉(zhuǎn),仔細(xì)考慮,打翻
turn out 結(jié)果是,制造出,生產(chǎn)出,關(guān)(煤氣)
turn sth over sb 把……移交給某人
turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向,求助于,翻到第幾頁(yè)
turn to sb for help 求助于
turn against 背叛
turn by one's 輪流,交替
in one's turn 輪到某人做某事
it is one's turn to do sth 輪到某人做某事
Wear
wear sb out 使某人精疲力盡
wear sth out 使某物被穿破 / 用舊
wear off 慢慢地消失掉,褪掉
wear away 磨損,(時(shí)間)消逝
wear on (時(shí)間)消逝
Work
work on 從事于,努力做
work out 算出(總數(shù))
work at 從事于,致力于
work in with 配合
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考點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)解析
1. fill/ full
Ⅰ.fill為及物動(dòng)詞,表“使……滿(mǎn)”,常與介詞with搭配,表達(dá)“被……充滿(mǎn)”時(shí)用be filled with結(jié)構(gòu)。如:
① The bottle is filled with water. 這只瓶子裝滿(mǎn)了水。
② He was filled with joy at the news. 聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息,他內(nèi)心充滿(mǎn)了喜悅。
Ⅱ.full是形容詞,多作表語(yǔ),表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài),常見(jiàn)于be full of 結(jié)構(gòu)中。如:
① The schoolbag is full of books. 書(shū)包里裝滿(mǎn)了書(shū)。
② He drew in an old badsket full of sand.他撈上來(lái)一個(gè)灌滿(mǎn)泥沙的舊藍(lán)子。
[注]:be filled with = be full of .可以互換。但介詞with與of 不能混淆。如:
The room is full of people. = The room is filled with people.
2. final/ last
Ⅰ.final表終止或結(jié)束之意,有時(shí)帶有決定性或結(jié)論性等意味。如:
① Today is the final day of this term. 今天是本學(xué)期的最后一天。
② We shall know the final results of the elections tomorrow. 明天我們將知道選舉的最后結(jié)果。
Ⅱ.last “最后的、末尾的”指按次序的前后或時(shí)間的先后居于最后,并意味著后面不再有了。如:
① My house stands in the last row.
② He was the last one to enter.
3. finally/ at last/ in the end
這三個(gè)都可以作“最后”講,但用法不同。
Ⅰ.finally表動(dòng)作的發(fā)生順序是在“最后”,無(wú)感情色彩,只用于過(guò)去時(shí),它居句首時(shí)較多。
Ⅱ.at last 表經(jīng)過(guò)一定曲折之后某事才發(fā)生,強(qiáng)調(diào)努力的結(jié)果,帶有較強(qiáng)的感情色彩,須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
Ⅲ.in the end 表事物發(fā)展的自然順序的“終結(jié)”,有時(shí)或與 finally相互替換,但用于對(duì)將來(lái)的預(yù)測(cè),則只能用in the end。如:
① Did the man in the shop understand him at last?
② Finally he went to see the famous man himself.
③ I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end.
4. famous as / famous for
Ⅰ. (be) famous as “以(某種身份)……出名(著名)”as后跟人賓語(yǔ)往往與主語(yǔ)同位。如:
① She is famous as a poet. 他以一名詩(shī)人而著名。
② The town is famous as a car-making place. 該城鎮(zhèn)以制造汽車(chē)而聞名。
Ⅱ. (be) famouse for “困……而聞名(馳名)”表示由于某種特征而出名,for后的賓語(yǔ)一般為主語(yǔ)人從屬內(nèi)容。如:
① China has been famous for its silk. 中國(guó)素以絲綢聞名。
② This city is famous for its big gambling resort. 該市因其大賭場(chǎng)而馳名。
5. fix/ mend/ repair
Ⅰ. 這三個(gè)詞都可譯為“修理”,但fix 一詞在美語(yǔ)中應(yīng)用更廣泛。fix 和repair 一樣,都表示使受到一定損壞或失靈的東西恢復(fù)其性狀或機(jī)能,如“修理、安裝”鐘表、收音機(jī)、照相機(jī)、電視機(jī)、汽車(chē)和機(jī)床等大型物體。repair 還可以用于修筑堤壩、道路和建筑等。如:fix/repair awatch/car/radio/road/bredge
Ⅱ mend 一般用于“修補(bǔ)”破損的東西使其恢復(fù)原樣,一般指較小之物。如衣服、鞋襪、傘和桌椅等。如:mend shoes/a broken table
6. foolish/ silly / stupid
Ⅰ.foolish 的意思是“愚蠢的、傻的”,指顯得缺乏判斷力或普通常識(shí)的人或言行等。如:
① How foolish of you to condent!你竟會(huì)同意,多么愚蠢?。?/p>
② Don’t be so foolish. 別那么傻。
③ He is a foolish man to throw away such a chance. 他放棄這樣的機(jī)會(huì)真是個(gè)傻瓜。
Ⅱ.silly的意思是“愚蠢的、傻的”,表示愚蠢到了極點(diǎn),以致令人發(fā)笑或輕視,它還常常表示沒(méi)有意思、無(wú)聊等意義。如:
① How silly of you to do that! 你竟做那件事,多么愚蠢?。?/p>
② That is a silly story. 那是一個(gè)無(wú)聊的故事。
Ⅲ.stupid的意思是“愚蠢的、笨的”,指智力差,覺(jué)察理解力、學(xué)習(xí)能力等差。它有時(shí)可與foolish或silly通用,但其意味最強(qiáng)。如:
① He is a stupid person. 他是個(gè)蠢人。
② How stupid of him to overlook such an obvious mistake. 如此明顯的錯(cuò)誤他居然都沒(méi)有看出來(lái),多么愚蠢呀!
7. for short/ short for
Ⅰ.for short意為“簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)”、“縮寫(xiě)”,是介詞詞組,常用作狀語(yǔ),如:
① The teacher told Tom to write the text for short. 老師要湯姆縮寫(xiě)課文。
Ⅱ.short for意為“是。。。 。。。的縮寫(xiě)”與be 動(dòng)詞連用,構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)作謂語(yǔ),如:
① “There’re” is short for “there are”.
8. from now on/ from then on
from now on“從現(xiàn)在起”,是以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)延續(xù)下去,謂語(yǔ)通常用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。from then on“從那時(shí)起”,是以過(guò)去為起點(diǎn)延續(xù)下來(lái),謂語(yǔ)通常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)和完成時(shí)態(tài)。如:
① She is going to live with you from now on. 從現(xiàn)在起我將刻苦學(xué)習(xí)。
② From then on, he hasn’t seen his uncle again. 從那以后他再也沒(méi)有看見(jiàn)他叔叔了。
9. game/ match/ race/ sport
Ⅰ. game 主要指決定勝負(fù)的游戲,通常有一套規(guī)則,凡參加者均須遵守。如:
① After a game on the wports field they often become good friends. 他們?cè)谶\(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)上進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)比賽之后,常常變成了好朋友。
[注]:說(shuō)“比賽”, 在英國(guó)通常用match,在美國(guó)通常用game.另外game 的復(fù)數(shù)形式一般指大型的國(guó)際比賽或綜合性體育運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。如:the Olympic Games 奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。
Ⅱ.match 表示相互間正式的體育比賽、球類(lèi)比賽,英國(guó)人常用。
① They are going to have a volleyball match.他們將進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)排球賽。
Ⅲ. race 主要用于賽跑、賽車(chē)等速度比賽。如:
① Who can win the relay race, Class 3 or Class 4?誰(shuí)能贏這場(chǎng)接力賽,三班還是四班?
Ⅳ. sport 多指戶(hù)外的游戲或娛樂(lè)活動(dòng),如打球,跳高,游泳,釣魚(yú),打獵,賽馬和拳術(shù)等。如:
① Swimming is his favourite sport.游泳是他最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目。
② Skating is one of the winter sports. 滑冰是一個(gè)冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目。
[注]復(fù)數(shù)形式sports可指運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。如:
③ He created a new record in high-jump at our school sports.在我們學(xué)校的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上,他創(chuàng)造了跳高新紀(jì)錄。
10. gift/ present
Ⅰ.gift“禮物”指較正式的禮物。如:
The watch was a gift from his father.
Ⅱ.present往往與gift通用,但不如gift正式。如:
① I’m buying it for a present, so please wrap it up nicely. 我買(mǎi)這東西是作禮物送人的,請(qǐng)你包扎得好一點(diǎn)。
② He gave me the book as a present. 他給我這本書(shū)作為禮物。
11 . grow / keep / raise / plant
Ⅰ. grow & plant 都可表示“種植”如種植草、樹(shù)、苗、花卉糧食等植物。grow 著重指種植以后的栽培、管理過(guò)程。
plant 著重指“種植”這一行為。某人plant a tree 之后,樹(shù)是死是活,不一定管,但某人grow a tree則包括培育管理,使其生長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程。如:
① The students are planting trees on the hill. 學(xué)生們正在山坡上栽樹(shù)。(不用grow)
② The farmer grows wheat in this field.那位農(nóng)民在這塊田里種植小麥。(不用plant)
③ People grow bananas in Hainan. 海南種植香蕉。(不用plant)
Ⅱ. keep 表“贍養(yǎng)”后可接表人或動(dòng)物的名詞,不用來(lái)代替plant 或grow. 如:
① He has a wife and three children to keep. 他要養(yǎng)活妻子和三個(gè)孩子。
② My grandma keeps pigs and hens. 我奶奶養(yǎng)豬養(yǎng)雞。
③ My uncle has a large family to keep. 我叔叔要養(yǎng)活一大家人。
Ⅲ. raise 除表“飼養(yǎng)(動(dòng)物)”以外,還可表示“教育(子女)”;“培育(植物)”。如:
① We raised a good crop of tomatoes this year.今年我們種的西紅柿長(zhǎng)得很好。
② My grandma raised a family of five. 我祖母養(yǎng)育了五口之家。
③ Where were you raised ? 你在哪兒長(zhǎng)大?
④ He raised some flowers in the back garden. 他在后園里種了一些花。
[注]:raise 強(qiáng)調(diào)從小精心培養(yǎng)到大,通常指培養(yǎng)花卉以及較難管理的植物。如:
① Let’s grow / raise some flowers in the garden.咱們?cè)趫@子里種些花吧。
① We grow rice, wheat and cotton in my hometown.在家鄉(xiāng),我們種植水稻、小麥和棉花。(不宜用raise)
12. glad/ happy/merry/ pleased
這組形容詞都有:“高興、快樂(lè)”之意。
Ⅰ.glad 多用在與人見(jiàn)面時(shí)的客套語(yǔ)中,指使人感到:情緒上有短暫的喜悅,常用作表語(yǔ),一般情況下不作定語(yǔ)。如:
① I’m glad to help you with your English. 我很高興幫你學(xué)英語(yǔ)。
Ⅱ.happy指使人感到內(nèi)心的滿(mǎn)足、幸福和愉快,祝賀新年或慶賀生日時(shí)常用到它,可用作表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。如:
① Happy New Year! 新年好!
② I’ll be happy to meet him. 我將高興地與他見(jiàn)面。
Ⅲ.pleased 意為:“對(duì)……感到滿(mǎn)意/高興”常與be連用,后面接介詞with(sb), at(sth) 等引起的短語(yǔ),或不定式;pleased 通常不作定語(yǔ)。如:
① He is pleased with his new job. 他對(duì)他的新工作很滿(mǎn)意。
② She was very much pleased at the news. 她聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息非常滿(mǎn)意。
Ⅳ.merry 除“高興”之外,還有耳目可以感到的“熱鬧”,一般只作定語(yǔ)。如:
Merry Christmas!祝
13. go / walk
Ⅰ. go 指朝著一定地點(diǎn)的方向運(yùn)動(dòng)。如:
① We go to school at seven in the morning.
② Please go downstairs to have lunch.
③ 此外,go的主語(yǔ)還可以是動(dòng)物、交通工具和機(jī)械等。如:
My watch goes fast.我的表走快了。
The train goes to Beijing. 火車(chē)開(kāi)往北京。
Ⅱ. walk 指朝著一定地點(diǎn)或無(wú)目的地“走”,常譯為“步行、散步”如:
① He often walks after supper. 飯后他經(jīng)常散步。
② They are walking along the river. 他們正沿著河岸走。
③ Let’s go out for a walk. 我們出去散步吧。
14. go on with sth/ go on doing sth/
go on to do sth
Ⅰ. go on doing sth,“(停頓以后)繼續(xù)做某事”;“不停地做某事”即做原來(lái)在做的事情。如:
① Now let’s go on writing. 我們繼續(xù)往下寫(xiě)。
② It’s raining, but the farmers went on working( = kept on working) in the fields. 天在下雨,然而農(nóng)民們還在地里我停地干活。
Ⅱ. go on with sth 表示:“間斷后做原來(lái)沒(méi)有做完的事”后面跟名詞,不能接動(dòng)詞-ing 形式。如:
① After a rest, they went on with the work. 休息以后,他們繼續(xù)勞動(dòng)。
Ⅲ. go on to do sth. 指“接著做另一件事”,即接下來(lái)做與原來(lái)不同人事情。如:
① That’s all for the text. Now let’s go on to learn the grammer. 課文就到這里,現(xiàn)在我們接著學(xué)語(yǔ)法。
② He went on to show us how to translate the sentence in a different way. 他接著教我們?nèi)绾斡昧硪环N方法翻譯這個(gè)句子。
15. go to bed/ go to sleep/ sleep/ be(fall) asleep
Ⅰ. go to bed 指“就寢”, 只表示“上床去睡”這一動(dòng)作,無(wú)“睡著”之意。是終止性動(dòng)詞。它的對(duì)應(yīng)詞 是get up “起床”
Ⅱ.in bed 表示一種狀態(tài),在句中常作表語(yǔ),意為“躺在床上,睡著”。其中in不能用on 替換。
Ⅲ. go to sleep 與get to sleep 意義相近,也是終止性動(dòng)詞。即:“入睡、睡著”,強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)的過(guò)程。“開(kāi)始睡覺(jué)”,即:being to sleep.如:
① I don’t know when I went to sleep / got sleep last night. 我不知道我昨晚什么時(shí)候睡著的。
Ⅳ. fall asleep意為“睡著”表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程,側(cè)重于“自然而然地入睡”,有時(shí)也含有“不想入睡而入睡”之意;be asleep“熟睡”,強(qiáng)調(diào)睡眠的狀態(tài),該短語(yǔ)在句中作謂語(yǔ)。
Ⅴ. sleep 可動(dòng)詞和名詞,表“睡著”“睡眠”,是可持續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞。
Ⅵ. asleep 是表語(yǔ)形容詞,不能作定語(yǔ) 如:
① The children are all asleep. 孩子們都睡著了。
② Are you asleep? 你睡著了嗎?
16. good/ fine/ nice/ well
Ⅰ. good 是含義最廣的形容詞,表“好的質(zhì)量”,“好的品質(zhì)”。等意思。如:
① Lucy is a good girl.
② These eggs are good ( 指鮮人品質(zhì))。
Ⅱ. fine 側(cè)重于“質(zhì)量的精細(xì)”, “身體健康”,還可以表示“天氣晴朗”等。如:
① This is a fine house.
② How are you? I’m fine, thank you.
③ It’s a fine day for walk. 這是一個(gè)散步的好天氣。
Ⅲ. nice 指從外表上的“好看、漂亮”。取悅于人的感覺(jué)。也可指“(對(duì)人)友好和藹”如:
① It’s a nice watch, but it’s not a good/fine one. 這塊表看上去不錯(cuò),但卻不是一塊好表。
② It’s very nice of you. 你真太好了。
③ They are nice mooncakes. 這都是美味的月餅。
Ⅳ. well 是副詞。表干/做得“好”,修飾動(dòng)詞。也可作表語(yǔ),指身體好。如:
① Well done! 干得好!
② I’m well. 我好了。
17. grow/ increase
Ⅰ.作不及物動(dòng)詞,兩者有相同的含意“增長(zhǎng)”。如:
① The population of the world is growing/increasing faster and faster. 世界人口增長(zhǎng)越來(lái)越來(lái)快。
Ⅱ.grow還有“生長(zhǎng),發(fā)育”的意思。如:
① The rice is growing fine. 水稻長(zhǎng)勢(shì)不錯(cuò)。
Ⅲ.作及物動(dòng)詞,用法各異。
grow種植,栽 如:
① Wheat is grown in north of China. 中國(guó)北方種植小麥。
increase增加、增長(zhǎng) 如:
① They are working hard to increase production. 他們正在努力工作以增加產(chǎn)量。
Ⅳ.increase可作名詞,意為“增加、增長(zhǎng)”。如:
①We are trying our vest to slow down the population increase in China. 在中國(guó)我們正在盡全力降低人口數(shù)量的增長(zhǎng)。
18. hand in/ turn in
Ⅰ. hand in “傳遞、交給”。指交作業(yè)等。如:
The teacher told them to hand in their exercise-books. 老師要他們交作業(yè)本。
Ⅱ. turn in “上交、交出”。指將某物歸公?;蚪唤o上級(jí)或組織以便找到失主。一般也可與hand in 互換。如:
① You should turn in the money. 你應(yīng)該把那錢(qián)上繳。
② You should turn in / hand in your finished homework.你們應(yīng)該把完成的作業(yè)交上來(lái)。
19. hands up/ put up one's hand
Ⅰ. hands up 是一句祈使語(yǔ)氣的口語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于Put up your arms over your head! “舉起手來(lái)!”如:
① “Hands up, or I’ll shoot.” The policeman demanded the robber. “舉起手來(lái),不然我開(kāi)槍了。”警察命令搶劫犯。
Ⅱ. put up one’s hand 意思與hands up 相同。但語(yǔ)氣要弱得多。如:
① Who knows the answer? Hands up / Put up your hands, please. 誰(shuí)知道這個(gè)答案?請(qǐng)舉手。
② Put up your hands if you have any question.如有問(wèn)題請(qǐng)舉手。
20. happen/ take place/ occur
都有“發(fā)生”之意
Ⅰ. happen 是普通用語(yǔ),應(yīng)用廣泛,指事情的發(fā)生有直接原因或帶有偶然性。即:“(某人)發(fā)生了什么事——happen to sb”,或 “(某物)發(fā)生了什么情況——happen to sth”。其主語(yǔ)通常由 accident 或 類(lèi)似it, what this , that , thing, something 等代詞擔(dān)任。還可表示“碰巧發(fā)生某事,——happen to do sth.”如:
① What has happened? 發(fā)生什么事了?–––
② What happened to you? 你發(fā)生什么事了?
③ It happened through your negligence. 這事的發(fā)生是由于你的疏忽。
④ He happened to be working. 他恰好正在工作。
⑤ I think it’s because I happened to like English. 我想這是因?yàn)槲遗銮上矚g英語(yǔ)。
Ⅱ. take place 常指經(jīng)過(guò)安排的事,無(wú)偶然之意。其主語(yǔ)常是表:“運(yùn)動(dòng)、活動(dòng)、會(huì)議等”的名詞。如:
① The Olympic Games take place every four years. 奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)每四年舉行一次。
② The May 4th Movement took place in 1919. 五四運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)生于一九一九年。
③ Great changes have taken place in our country since liberation. 解放來(lái),我國(guó)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。
Ⅲ. occur[`k:] 常與happen 通用。但,是較為正式的用語(yǔ)。指在一定的時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生一定的事情。
① When did the accident occur? 那事故是什么時(shí)候發(fā)生的?
② Don’t let the mistake occur again? 不要讓這樣的錯(cuò)誤再次發(fā)生。